A modern functional language such as SML has a similar form:
fun sum l =
    if null(l) then 0 else hd(l) + sum(tl(l));
However SML has a sophisticated and rigorous static type system, due to Hindley and Milner. A more direct descendent of POP-2 is POP-11:
define sum(l);
  if null(l) then 0 else hd(l) + sum(tl(l))
  endif
enddefine;
POP-11 is the core language of the POPLOG system, which provides integrated implementations of SML, Prolog and Common Lisp, in addition to POP-11.