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From: Graham Toal <gtoal@vt.com>
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Welcome to the Edinburgh Computer History project
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Status: RO

In the last year or so, the cost of large hard disks has plummeted - here
in the US I can buy an 80Gb drive for $300.  We are living in an era
where from now on, almost every human endeavor is going to be recorded
for posterity.

Unfortunately, this wasn't the case in the early days when computers were
first invented, up to about the 1980's.  Programs which were written in
that era tended not to be preserved online as a system went from one
hard drive to the next.  Much of what was written in the early days was
backup up to 'archival' media, and a whole lot of that is lost or no
longer readable.

I myself had a very harrowing experience just recently when trying to
recover software from 600 ten-year-old floppies, and they were in a format
that is still in use.  I lost about 5% of them.

This prompted me to realise that we really have a very narrow window indeed
in which we can save our computing heritage.  And Edinburgh is truly
responsible for some great computing heritage - our mistake at the time
was that we did not subscribe to the American style 'publish or perish'
ethic, and we did not publicise much of what we did.  With the result
that anyone in the future wanting to know what the significant history
of computing was, will rely on books such as Steven Levy's "Hackers"
and will come away thinking that only MIT and a few other US universities
were the only pioneers.

So... I would like for us to save the pioneering work done at Edinburgh
for posterity.  Even if it is not truly appreciated right now, I believe
it will be one day; but for now simply saving everything we can has to
be a top priority.  This project will dedicate a web site for every piece
of source code from Edinburgh's past that anyone can find.  As I said
above - disk space is cheap now.  I believe we can save everything that
was ever written in Edinburg on one disk here.  Also I am personally
willing to burn CDs of the archive for any Edinburgh people who want to
save a peronal copy, more or less as a distributed backup mechanism!

So... get out there, approach your lecturers, friends - anyone who remembers
all the good work (and even the bad!) that was done at EUCS and ERCC, and
help start this project off by identifying our lost history; then (and in
parallel to as much extent as possible) we'll start collecting those
sources and hosting them on our archive site.

The site is currently housed at http://www.gtoal.com/history/ - just to
get it going.  I will move it to a better machine, and probably it's own
domain, once we get started.

Thank you to everyone who participates in this project.  I will be
handling as much on-line coordination as I can - feel free to email me
privately if you want, but I'd prefer that all communication was via
this mailing list so we can be 100% 'open skies' as the Americans say.
I have opened up the mailing list archives to non-members so you can
point your colleagues at it to check out what we're doing and see if they
want to join us.

Gordon Brebner will be coordinating people on the ground in Edinburgh,
for instance if someone needs access to old tapes or disks stored in the
Computer Science department.

Let's do it!

Graham Toal <gtoal@gtoal.com>


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From sentto-2719433-1-980454322-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Thu Jan 25 13:52:35 2001
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] New web address; progress so far.
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Thanks to GDMR, the web page is now available as

              http://history.dcs.ed.ac.uk/

This will be the permanent address from now, on.  Let's forget the
other one ever existed.  (That'll give me the option of moving it to
another machine sometime.  It's still actually housed at the same place
but that machine didn't have enough capacity for the archive.  I plan
to build a new dedicated machine for that, with an 80Gb drive and a
CD burner.)

Although no-one has posted to the list here, we *have* received several
very helpful emails from people who have copies of old software or
listings.  I will summarize and post them here after work tonight.
(Remember I'm 6hrs earlier in the day than most of you - Texas time)

This project is clearly going to work.  I am very relieved, I thought
it was going to be difficult getting it started but everyone is very
enthusiastic!

I have identified one immediate need for volunteers - a lot of what has
been found is on paper.  It is clearly going to be way too much for the
one volunteer scanner we already have (IAY).  It would be really good
if we could drum up some interest from a number of students to share the
work of scanning old documents.  5 to 10 people in a pool would be a
great help.  (I suggest that sort of number because we know that some
people will lose interest or be too busy etc - we need enough extra
capacity to ensure there's always 3 or 4 people available at any time)
If someone in Edinburgh could ask around the CS students, that would
be appreciated.  All they need is access to a scanner.

Graham


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From sentto-2719433-2-980465735-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Thu Jan 25 17:04:23 2001
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> EDWIN
>   task: Contact JGH. Who apparently is the world's last IMP user. 
>   See what else he has...

I am sure that I am not the last, possibly the last to admit it!

I think that I have the full sources of the latest version of
EDWIN somewhere.

Other programs which I still use/have:

ECCE - RWT's port to Unix, only as SunOS binary.
VECCE - PMcL and ADC after HMD, VMS source and binary.
NLINES - NR's VMS command
FILES  - GDMR VMS command
CLEAN  - GDMR VMS command

imp    - 3L SunOS binary version (this is commercial and owned by CGI)
IMP    - 3L VMS binary version   (this is commercial and owned by CGI)
Shapesmith - ES2/LL binary version (commercial and owned by CGI) 


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From sentto-2719433-3-980472971-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Thu Jan 25 19:03:32 2001
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> > EDWIN
> >   task: Contact JGH. Who apparently is the world's last IMP user. 
> >   See what else he has...
>
> I am sure that I am not the last, possibly the last to admit it!
>
> I think that I have the full sources of the latest version of
> EDWIN somewhere.

Great.  I'll contact you when our ftp archive is online.  Or if you
have somewhere on your own system to put them (public ftp or http)
then I can pick them up myself when ready.

> Other programs which I still use/have:
>
> ECCE - RWT's port to Unix, only as SunOS binary.
> VECCE - PMcL and ADC after HMD, VMS source and binary.
> NLINES - NR's VMS command
> FILES  - GDMR VMS command
> CLEAN  - GDMR VMS command
>
> imp    - 3L SunOS binary version (this is commercial and owned by CGI)
> IMP    - 3L VMS binary version   (this is commercial and owned by CGI)
> Shapesmith - ES2/LL binary version (commercial and owned by CGI) 

OK, we'd better set some ground rules so that we're not misinterpreted
by anyone: I do *not* want to archive any commercial sources of anything
that can still be considered a product.  Firstly, it's illegal; secondly,
it implies the owners still have the sources and maintain them themselves -
meaning it must be pretty recent software, and not in danger of being lost.

(Caveat: if you know the copyright holders and they give permission to
release sources, that's a different issue)

Rather than looking for something like a current Sparc or Vax Imp compiler,
what we need to preserve are old ones for machines that are no longer in
use, such as a PDP8 or an Interdata, or the EMAS compilers.  (If this project
is still in existence many years from now, we'll get those ancient Sparc
and Vax programs after the machines no longer exist ;-) )

Also, unless anyone is planning to do a hardware emulation, I don't
really see a point in preserving old binaries at this point.  That may
change in the future, but if so it will be a different project.  (If
anyone does take on any hardware emulations, some bootstrap binaries
may be essential.  Which reminds me, it would be nice to have a historical
record of things like the bootstrap switch sequences for the Interdatas
and the PDP9/15!  I think we may find that in an old copy of 'Noddy goes
to the Machine Halls'...)

[Does anyone remember a student project from Dave <somebody> who hacked
the EMAS Imp compiler to embed source in the binaries, with the intention
that code would never 'go stiff' again?  That was innovative.  It didn't
catch on, but it was a good idea.]

The other things you mentioned such as your Edwin and VECCE are ideal
candidates for the archive and I'll be calling on you in a few days to
arrange pickup!

Thanks.

Graham


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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] New web address; progress so far.
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 > I have identified one immediate need for volunteers - a lot of what has
 > been found is on paper.  It is clearly going to be way too much for the
 > one volunteer scanner we already have (IAY).  It would be really good
 > if we could drum up some interest from a number of students to share the
 > work of scanning old documents.  5 to 10 people in a pool would be a
 > great help.  (I suggest that sort of number because we know that some
 > people will lose interest or be too busy etc - we need enough extra
 > capacity to ensure there's always 3 or 4 people available at any time)
 > If someone in Edinburgh could ask around the CS students, that would
 > be appreciated.  All they need is access to a scanner.

I've posted a message on the CS undergraduate newsgroup
(eduni.dcs.undergrad) this morning, outlining the project, and
asking for volunteers.  The text follows, in case anyone is interested.

Gordon.


---


Current undergraduates might not be aware of it, but there is a
long history of computer system building at Edinburgh, dating
back to the foundation of the Computer Unit in 1963 by
Sidney Michaelson.  The Computer Unit bifurcated in 1966
in the academic-oriented Department of Computer Science (which
evolved into part of today's Division of Informatics), and the
service-oriented Edinburgh Regional Computing Centre, which
evolved into today's Computing Services.

>From 1963 until the late 1980s, there was extensive activity
in implementing operating systems, compilers, other software
tools, and building hardware.  Undergraduates then would do
practical work largely using systems software written at
Edinburgh, a situation only changed by the rise of Unix,
and now Linux.

A group of Edinburgh graduates has now initiated a project to
ensure that the memory of this era is preserved by, in the first
instance, attempting to collect a definitive collection of
source code and documentation for the various Edinburgh products.
More details of this are at:  http://history.dcs.ed.ac.uk

Aside from the fact that this might be of interest to today's
undergraduates, I invite active participation in one particular
respect.  Much of the material people have is on paper, so
there is a need to scan it into an electronic form for
storage in the new repository.  The project is keen for any
students who possess scanners for their own PCs, to volunteer
to assist in the scanning process.  No particular time
commitment is required, just a willingness to help when able.

If you are interested, see the above web page, which has
details of a new mailing list associated with the project.

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From sentto-2719433-5-980511523-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Fri Jan 26 05:45:47 2001
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Documents about AA/IMP/EMAS
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Edinburgh History  --  Documents held by Harry Whitfield
--------------------------------------------------------


ATLAS AUTOCODE FOR KDF9
-----------------------

ATLAS AUTOCODE COMPILER FOR KDF9 - COMPUTER UNIT REPORT 4 - 1st October 1965

AA DOCUMENTATION - Volumes 1, 2 and 3 - Describe the structure of the (KDF9)
AA Compiler. Also Version I and Version K source listings.



IMP
---

IMP 75 PRELIMINARY REFERENCE MANUAL, I.N.5 - 15.9.69.

PROGRAMMING IN IMP, EMAP/41.5/0026, Revised 1st October 1969.



EMAS
----

EMAP Technical Committee Minutes EMAP/41.0/0001 to EMAP/41.0/0051

EMAP Technical Committee Reports EMAP/41.5/0001 to EMAP/41.5/0034
apart from the big manuals.


EMAS (SYSTEM 4-75) HARDWARE SUMMARY.

MULTI-ACCESS SYSTEM MANUAL  SYSTEM 4-75, 11/1/67

EMAS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 4-75/1: SCHEDULING -- EMAP/41.5/0013, 26/3/67.

EMAS TYPICAL USER FACILITIES, I.N.2 - 20/9/67.

EMAS PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 4-75/6: STORAGE CONTROL -- 29/4/68

A Syntactic Macro Scheme, A.Freeman, June 1969.

SYSTEM 4-75 EMAS PRIMARY SUBSYSTEM REFERENCE MANUAL -- 1.5.70.

EMAS PROVISIONAL SYSTEM MANUAL 1 August 1967.

SYSTEM 4-75 EMAS OPERATORS MANUAL, 22/1/70.

SYSTEM 4-75 EMAS REFERENCE MANUAL (EMAP/41.5/0028), July 1970.

SYSTEM 4-75 EMAS REFERENCE MANUAL, SEPTEMBER 1971

EMAS USER MANUAL, Preliminary Edition, April 1972.

EMAS USER MANUAL, First Edition, October 1972.

SYSTEM 4-75 EMAS SUBSYSTEM REFERENCE MANUAL, (Draft) May 1973.

EMAS Reports 1 to 7, April 1974 - February 1975.
These are reprints of papers published (mainly) in the Computer Journal.

EMAS Operators Manual, First Edition, October 1976.

EMAS User's Guide, December 1976.



Note:

Copies of many of the above documents should be in the DCS and/or ERCC
archives. Other members of the EMAS team may have copies. There may even be
machine readable copies of some.

Reference copies of the EMAS source code and system were made in December 1970.
These should have been kept.

There were also paper tape copies made of the KDF9 AA and IMP compilers.



Other versions of Edinburgh Software
------------------------------------

While I was at the University of Groningen (1972-1979), we ported a version of
IMP onto our PDP11/40 and wrote a mini operating system called GUTS. We then
ported IMP onto GUTS and later onto Unix.

We also made a version of ECCE in Algol 60 for use on the CDC CYBER.

We ported IMP onto the CYBER and students did a number of compiler projects for
languages based on IMP.

I have ported ECCE onto numerous systems over the years, most recently onto
the Macintosh where I rewrote the whole program in Pascal. I also produced
a BBEdit ECCE extension. I have Pascal source for these.

I've copied this message to former colleagues at Groningen in the hope that they might like to fill in more detail. One of these also worked on modelling EMAS scheduling.

Harry.

















-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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One of the first compilers written in Buccleuch Place was a music compiler for the new PDP8 by David Rees. If I remember correctly, this compiled up to four voices into an intermediate code, which was then interpreted and played by pulsing the loudspeaker of the PDP8. I think I wrote the interpreter/player.

At the time, we made some tape recordings of our efforts.


During the EMAS project, there was an IMP compiler developed which could measure the vagrancy of an executing program and then rearrange the code to reduce the number of page faults. The compiler on which this was based was abandoned, so this clever idea was never put into production.

The IMP compilers (developed by PDS) which survived were based on the original AA/IMP compilers.

-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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Status: RO

Thank you indeed for the information and for preserving so much old
history.  The leads about the dump of all EMAS sources and the KDF9
compiler are great - I really hope we manage to track them down.

We would welcome the GUTS code and your ECCE ports - even though perhaps
not strictly written at Edinburgh, they're definitely in direct lineage
from what was done here.  I do remember Ian Young having a copy of
GUTS which he was running on a PDP11 at the Wave Power project.

(By the way - I ported ECCE to BCPL and C myself - it really is easier
than learning a new editor, isn't it?  And still after 30 years more
powerful and succint than current editors...)

We'll be in touch once we have a fileserver up, to get what you
have as online material.  We'll probably wait quite some time over
the manuals you have; it's going to take a *long* time to scan what
we've found already, and as you note a lot of the manuals you have
will be available locally and we should find those first.

I truly appreciate your help, thank you.

Graham


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 > One of the first compilers written in Buccleuch Place was a music compiler for the new PDP8 by David Rees. If I remember correctly, this compiled up to four voices into an intermediate code, which was then interpreted and played by pulsing the loudspeaker of the PDP8. I think I wrote the interpreter/player.

I've just mentioned this to David - he says that he's still got it!

Gordon.




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--- In edinburgh-computer-history@y..., Harry Whitfield 
<harry.whitfield@n...> wrote:
> One of the first compilers written in Buccleuch Place was a music
> compiler for the new PDP8 by David Rees. If I remember correctly,
> this compiled up to four voices into an intermediate code, which was
> then interpreted and played by pulsing the loudspeaker of the PDP8.
> I think I wrote the interpreter/player.
> 
> At the time, we made some tape recordings of our efforts.

David still has this. I think he has it on paper tape, and if anyone
knows of a working paper tape system still at Edinburgh where we
can read in any old tapes we find, please let us know.

This reminds me that Fred King also wrote a system just like this
for the M6809 lab kits; in fact I think I remember that it was a
deliberate clone of the PDP8 system.  I do remember seeing this
myself (I might even have worked on it a little).  It had an ascii
input language and included loops etc.  Looked something like
(F#GGAB)4 or whatever makes sense to those musically inclined.
(Which counts me out)

If we can save either of these programs, we should also save
the input music files.

Does anyone have Fred's email?  I've lost touch with him.

Graham
PS I see the buyout of eGroups by Yahoo has finally made it
into the web pages at last.  Hope it wasn't too inconvenient
for new members.



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From sentto-2719433-10-980614563-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Sat Jan 27 10:23:01 2001
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Status: RO

There is a 'bookmarks' feature on the menu at the left in Yahoo Groups
which any list member can add to.  Feel free to use it for anything
that is relevant to Edinburgh history.  I've started it off with a
couple of links that I've found recently.

This server also has a file-upload facility which I haven't experimented
with yet.  It may be a convenient staging area for small file transfers
(there's a 25Mb limit I think).

There's also some sort of database facility, which may be a good place
to start keeping track of items we've found.  I'll try it out this
weekend.

I believe members can use any of these facilities.  I've tried to open up
this forum as much as I can.

Graham

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GDMR thinks there are some old "new" filestore backups 
around on 1/2" tape, and some VMS ones too.  He may have paper 
listings of his filestore code (the version that ran on the VAX and the 
Fred-machines, and not either of Hamish's originals).

One of my vacation jobs was to write a user interface to the filestore
to replace one of the older ones (I think JGH's?).  It was in service
for some years.  I may have that on paper.  Can't remember what host it
was for.  Either VMS or the Interdatas.  In terms of history I guess it was
the equivalent of an FTP client and I suspect predates FTP.

George wrote the comms part or the cubewar program I mentioned; he
says Nick (I presume Rothwell) wrote the user interface.

He also reminded me that I wrote an independent version of the EMAS Command
Line Interpreter.  (The EMAS equivalent of a Unix shell; I can't remember all
what it did different from the EMAS one; I think the main thing was that
it had macro expansion and aliases).  I did find some paper listings from
my student days recently but haven't yet gone through them all.  It may be
in there.  I don't personally have *anything* on magnetic media from when I
was an undergrad at Edinburgh as it predates personal computers.  It wasn't
particular interesting; I'd rather we found the real thing.

G


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DJR wrote:
> I just remembered I do have something machine readable - I have paper
> tapes of the assembler source for my PDP8 music compiler which must
> date from around 1966.  The PDP8 itself is in storage in the Chambers
> St. museum I think.  Somebody should get it going - maybe Jimmy
> Johnstone before he retires this summer!


I second the latter sentiment with a proviso - we know we can't keep these
old machines going for ever (my own year and Ian's year kept the 9/15 running
for two years after the support budget for it ran out but even it eventually
had to go.  The power cost alone was too high) - so it would be great to get
a machine like up up and running again just long enough to write an emulator
and make sure it was a perfect match for the real thing.  Then it would live
on forever...

(however this is not in the scope of our project)

Graham

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> I don't have anything machine readable but I have lots of printed
> stuff that I've kept as souvenirs.  It might be worth asking the (new)
> EUCS how far back their archive tapes go, and also the DCS (as was).
> I never lost a file with the ERCC, I remember, over about 20 years.
>
> I have got listings of some of the EMAS stuff I wrote in the early
> 70's: Director 714 (30/6/72) and CEDRIC 703 (2/6/72) plus many of the
> manuals we wrote at the time.  I also have a listing of the last
> EMAS2900 kernel I wrote, dated 26/2/80.
>
> The earliest stuff I have is `Computer Unit Report No. 2 : A Guide to
> a Survey Program for Atlas', dated November 1965 (probably a unique
> copy, by now)!


I have asked David if he would approach the EUCS (ERCC) on our behalf.
Chris Whitfield also mentioned that there was a reference dump done once
of the completed EMAS system, which would be a great thing to find.

I know I remember stories of the EMAS team boasting about how the complete
sources could fit in a briefcase and I think there may indeed have been
a briefcase at one time with a complete printout in it, for effect when
giving talks.  I wonder... :-)

Graham

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From sentto-2719433-14-980656144-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Sat Jan 27 21:56:00 2001
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> A quick look through my history box yielded, on paper:
> 1. sources for all my Vax networking stuff
> 2. EMAS and EMAS 2900 reference cards
> 3. ISYS system documentation
> 4. HAL 7502 manual, and 7502 "OS" software
> 5. ISYS 80 manual, Filestore manual and HAL 70 manual
> 6. ECSD LISP manual (Nick Shelness)
> 7. Noddy Goes to the Machine Halls (Kathy, 78/79)
> 8. Sticks & Stones manual (Luca)
> 9. my CS4 operating system
> 10. DEIMOS PDP-11 OS (by Brian Gilmore - now Director of EUCS)
> 11. ISYS 70 source
> 12. PDP-9/15 source
> 13. a few bits of EMAS 2900
> There's other stuff, but those are the initial highlights.

Some good stuff here.  I had forgotten the model number of the ICL
terminal.  I'll update the web page appropriately.


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> I have some of those on paper too.  I've also found load of Fred-machine 
> documentation, some filestore documentation, and a printout of the 
> filestore source.  And I've got some 1/2" tapes containing filestore 
> backups, which might have some useful stuff on them if we could manage to 
> read them off.
>
> I have a feeling that I put a load of things to the ERCC archive service 
> too at one point.  I've no idea if they're still around...

We *definitely* need to find out what survived from the ERCC EMAS tape
days.

Also who in the area can physically read old tapes.  Of any description.


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Status: RO

I've lightly edited two emails from Chris Whitfield together, to summarize
his recollections:

> Things that spring to mind ... and I hope I still have m/c readables ....
>
> *  PDP-8 imp syntax checker dating from when paper tapes were punched on 
> exceeding unreliable teletype 33s for transmission to Manchester.   This 
> thing scanned the tapes and attempted to locate as many mispunchings as 
> possible.  Summer 1966
>
> *  PDP-9 Inktronic printer driver .... the dreaded Inktronics
>
> *  PDP-9 Editor
>
> *  PDP-9 bootstrap tape .... booted both manufacturers OS and Hamish D's 
> Imp System.   10 instructions long (1" of tape!) so it could be taped in a 
> loop and left in the reader.
>
> *  Text Layout program .... used for 2 years by ERCC.
>
> *  PDP-9 "interpreter" .... checked student programs dynamically.   Checked 
> each instruction before allowing it to be executed.   Prevented beginning 
> assembler coders wasting time trying to find faults.  Could check only part 
> of a program so was of practical value quite apart from helping students.
>
> *  Mouses Operating System with Peter Robertson.
> Used heavily at Moray House (_M_oray '_ouse_ _s_ystem !) and by CS undergraduates
> I still have the complete source of this on a 1600 bpi 1/2" tape which may 
> or may not still be readable.

  > (c)  Just been talking with Peter Robertson. We're both happy for 
  > the source of the whole Mouses system, compilers and other support
  > software to be made available.  Depends on that 1600 bpi tape I have
  > still being readable though.

> *  Yet another assembly code version of ECCE for Perkin-Elmer 32-bit mini.

> I infiltrated Newcastle University's purity in 1972 or so by porting the 
> ERCC Imp and Fortran compilers to MTS.  The professional support people 
> there, staunch handcoders to a man, were completely gobsmacked at the code 
> IMP could generate.   Their view of high level languages was utterly 
> conditioned by things like AlgolW and PL360.

> Incidentally, the *original* ECCE was written by Alan Freeman for the PDP-8 
> in around 1964.  I think he's a financial analyst in London now ... at 
> least I saw someone called Alan Freeman on a financial talk show on the box 
> who was his spitting image.

  > (b) Alan Freeman or a PhD called Brian Read .... I think Alan.... was 
  > responsible for a PDP-8 game .... ca. 1965.
  > Push buttons, a CRT display and a loudspeaker.    Two highly stylized
  > tanks drawn on the CRT. You chase the other tank and fire your gun at
  > it with much bleeping from the loudspeaker.  All 2D and crude by today's
  > standards .... but must have been one of the early examples of such a
  > thing?

(I remember playing this - GT.  I think it predated arcade games like
asteroids.  The tanks were in a very similar vein to Asteroids but it
was a much simpler game.  Two player, however!)

> I have a fair pile of the original departmental reports.   Unfortunately 
> about half were chucked only 6 months ago so those left tend to reflect my 
> particular soft spots.


> (d)  An outfit called the English Language Research Unit was (I think) 
> merged into the newly formed Computer Science Dept. bringing Hamish Dewar
> and Paul Bratley.  ELRU had produced a program which could produce
> all the parses of ambiguous English sentences more or less in real 
> time.  Consider "He rolled up the red carpet"!
> The interesting thing about this was that it had a fixed dictionary 
> of only about 600 words .... no content words.   I don't know where
> Paul Bratley ended up.

> (e)  David Rees was a PhD student at about this time.  He designed a string 
> handling language called Astra and wrote a compiler for it.  These were
> in essence the string handling extensions to Atlas Autocode which were
> subsequently incorporated into IMP.
> He may also be able to fill in details of what Paul Bratley did.

I've asked DJR about Astra.

> EMAS had substantial performance advantages over standard ICL operating 
> systems running on the same hardware.  It in fact ran ICL programs on a VME 
> emulator faster than the real VME.  I still wonder whether the "Director" 
> based scheduling strategy and mapped filesystem was in fact more effective 
> than the strategies used in currrent day multi-programming systems.
>
> IMP in its day was practically unique in being a language with substantial 
> diagnostic assistance which could also be used "in anger" as a fast 
> economical systems language.  Subsequently Ada is perhaps the only 
> mainstream language of which this can be said?
>
> The "3rd pass" - consolidation phase - of the Peter Robertson compilers was 
> again in its day unique.  I remember being told at Cebit about 8 years 
> later by a very proud compiler writer that they'd dreamed up this wonderful 
> way of fixing short jumps -- which featured heavily in their 
> advertising.   Peter's compilers did far more long before and the Mouses 
> 32-bit Perkin-Elmer variant did a whole lot more again.
>
> Prof Wulf's "Optimising Compiler" book contains a PDP-11 coding sequence 
> for Ackermann, generated by his compiler, which he asserts was optimal
> because he himself could not handcode it more tightly.   Unfortunately
> Peter's PDP-11 IMP compiler takes 2 instructions off the "optimal" code
> displayed in the book.


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From sentto-2719433-17-980807989-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Jan 29 16:06:46 2001
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Hi Everyone,

> Also who in the area can physically read old tapes.  Of any description.

I can read half inch VMS tapes at 800/1600/3200/6250 bpi.
I also have the TAPEANAL command which is useful for non-VMS tapes.

best regards

J. Gordon Hughes
jgh@cableinet.co.uk

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From sentto-2719433-18-980827861-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Jan 29 21:38:49 2001
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Tape formats
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> I can read half inch VMS tapes at 800/1600/3200/6250 bpi.
> I also have the TAPEANAL command which is useful for non-VMS tapes.
>
> best regards
>
> J. Gordon Hughes
> jgh@cableinet.co.uk

That's great news from Gordon; I think the chances of us taking him up
on that offer are quite high :-)

My own memory of tapes is from Unix, and I think what I remember is
that they had very little structure at all; generally Unix tapes
are a straight dump of a tar file to tape with cpio or dd.  So if Gordon
can physically read any tapes and just get the raw bytes in a file, I'm
very confident we can strip any ISO headers etc off by hand in the worst
case and recover the internal data.

Actually I had forgotten this, but it's coming back to me now:  I wrote
lots of tape handling utilities when I was working at Acorn.  I believe
I kept sources.  Guess what - they're on a 6250bpi tape :-)  Oh dear,
little bootstrap problem there :-)

The only trickiness I remember was something about writing 'tape marks'
which I think were 0-length blocks, and something about end of tape (or maybe
end of dataset?) being denoted by a double tapemark.  I seem to remember it
was sometimes difficult to read past a double tape mark and make sure you
got every dataset on the tape and not just the first one.

I wonder what other kinds of tapes we'll find...

Those tapes seemed huge at the time.  I just looked them up on the net and
they were in fact only 180Mb.  We could store 450 of these tapes on a single
80Gb disk costing $300.

Graham


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From sentto-2719433-19-980828642-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Jan 29 21:50:54 2001
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Status: RO

John Butler thinks he can get an APM to run, and thinks that Rainer
may have an exabyte with the last source dump.  JHB also has an RL01
with Brian Gilmore's DEIMOS operating system (and his MSc dissertation).
I'd like to ask JHB to contact Brian for us to get a release.  Maybe also
he'd be a good person to ask about the lost EMAS source checkpoint, and
maybe even the old ERCC backup tapes.

Would anyone who sees Rainer today mind pointing him at the web site please?

He says he knows where to track down a working PDP11 with an 8" floppy and 
an RK05/RL01 drive in case we need to read those.

And he has a paper tape reader and a new 5.25" PC floppy drive so
we can still read 5.25" disks etc. in a PC.  (There are some programs
around to copy complete disk images, if we hit any old formats we can't
easily decode, such as p-machine floppies).  We can always recover the 
data from the raw images later.  Contact me if you can't find such a program
and need one, I have it somewhere on one of my PCs.

Graham


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Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2001 21:12:23 -0600 (CST)
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Great news!  Donald Michie is helping us!
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Status: RO

I pass the following letter on with permission.  It has been lightly
edited to remove some irrelevant remarks.

We are VERY lucky to have Donald Michie as a contributor.  I'm giving
serious thought to flying over to Scotland in July myself to help examine
and scan/OCR his archive!

He doesn't explicitly mention having any old source code, but even if
there's no code, we really must transfer as much of this history to
online media as we can.

I'll ask him if he has anything in electronic form.

I don't personally know much about the MIRU; I remember Rae R giving
me a tour and showing me some of the early Computer Chess work.  I'm
looking forward to learning some of this history myself.

Graham

> Dear Graham Toal
>
> I have an archive brimming with documentation 
> of every kind covering the early days, -- technical 
> reports, minutes of the weekly staff meetings in the 
> EPU and DMI, correspondence galore with University 
> Admin and Court, with international AI scientists, 
> with visitors and Machine Intelligence Workshop 
> contributors, with editors, authors, other Departments 
> of the University at that time, proposals, manifestos 
> and goodness knows what else.
>
> There is in addition a complete History of the 
> Machine Intelligence Research Unit written by 
> my wife, then a member of the said MIRU. The 
> special point of interest is that it documents 
> an organization that had a ten-year run, from 
> 1974 - 1984. But its existence and history 
> remains I believe almost entirely unknown. This 
> is because a usual account of events is that after 
> the departure from Edinburgh of Professors Richard 
> Gregory (who left in 1970) and Christopher Longuet-
> Higgins (around 1974) I also departed, to Glasgow 
> to found the Turing Institute, at the same time 
> that the Department of Artificial Intelligence was 
> being set up in Edinburgh. In actuality I did not 
> leave for Glasgow and set up the TI until 1984.
>
> The dramatic collapse of funding following the 
> Lighthill report temporarily stranded a community 
> of several dozen AI research workers. The 
> University had to set up new structures and a 
> new mission for as many as could be retained 
> in Edinburgh.
>
> The DAI was the main result. In the process 
> each person was asked whether he or she would 
> accept assignment to undergraduate teaching. 
> Uniquely, my University post was a so-called 
> Personal Chair. In those days such appointments 
> carried no teaching obligation. Never having 
> done any teaching in my life, I opted out. I 
> also had private doubts about whether the field 
> had yet sufficiently matured to support 
> undergraduate courses*.
>
> The University accordingly set up two Departments, 
> of which the DAI was one. The other, named the 
> Machine Intelligence Research Unit, consisted of
> myself, my secretary, and 1/11th of the time of
> Dr Horace Townsend, of the medical faculty. We 
> were allotted space for four postgraduate 
> students. One or two self-funded workers also 
> attached themselves, including Jean Hayes who 
> ten years later wrote the History, and there 
> was also a constant stream of visiting workers 
> from overseas. So although from the outside 
> the MIRU was almost invisible, it had a vigorous 
> internal life and a steady and varied output.
> It was quite unbelievably crowded and chronically 
> broke. But in its peculiar way the MIRU was fun.
>
> My boxes of documents are of course overkill 
> from your point of view. I am sure you will only 
> want to retain or copy a few fragments. At the 
> same time it seems pointless to try to offer 
> anything from here in Australia.
>
> It will be best, I think to wait until I get 
> back, unfortunately not until July 1st. I will 
> be delighted then to get access to my files
> and give you the run of them.
>
> For the Computer Science Dept history, Peter 
> Schofield's memory should stretch back to the 
> beginning. He also contributed an excellent 
> paper to one of the first two Machine Intelligence 
> volumes.
>
> Best wishes
>
> Donald Michie
>
>
> *My doubts were soon refuted by the newly-
> formed DAI's publication of the world's 
> first-ever AI textbook. Written by Alan Bundy, 
> Rod Burstall and Pat Ambler this set a standard 
> that no subsequent text that I have seen has 
> come near.


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From sentto-2719433-21-981090588-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Thu Feb  1 22:36:29 2001
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Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2001 22:36:22 -0600 (CST)
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Early AI Research
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Status: RO

I mailed Robin Popplestone at umass and got this response:

  Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2001 23:06:55 -0500 (EST)
  From: Robin Popplestone  <pop@roo.cs.umass.edu>
  To: gtoal@gtoal.com
  Subject: This is a recording... [Re: Edinburgh History]

  This is an autoresponder.

  I will not be reading my e-mail for the entire summer.
  Your message will be read when I return.
                                 -- Robin Popplestone

Given that it's currently snowing in Mass, I suspect that message
is *long* out of date.  Does anyone know where he might be nowadays
that he actually gets mail?

Also I'ld like to track down Pat Ambler who was my tutor for AI2.
I mailed Ilona Bellos too but didn't get a reply; I suspect an out
of date email address.

I found this page with a good recap of the early people from AI:

--------
Sat Jun  7 17:54:25 BST 1997

Newsgroups: comp.ai,comp.ai.philosophy
References: <5l792s$6to@news.ox.ac.uk> <5md82c$al12@dionysus.netmatters.co.uk>
From: AaronSloman@cs.bham.ac.nospam (Aaron Sloman See text for reply address)
Subject: Re: AI and Deep Blue (Historical correction)

[Correct email address is at the end]

a.croxton@netmatters.co.uk (al c) makes a historical mistake, which
I guess I should correct in case others believe it:

> Date: 26 May 1997 23:58:04 GMT
> Organization: ABCDevelopment
>
> Aaron Sloman (founding father of British AI) wrote:
                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Correction: by the time I started learning about AI, it was already well
established in Britain.

I started learning about AI in 1969 when I met Max Clowes at Sussex
University. He was the person who persuaded me that the best way to
address most philosophical questions was to explore issues concerned
with designing working minds, human-like and others.

Max was one of the leading UK AI vision researchers before I had
even heard about AI. (He died around 1980 unfortunately).

I also learnt a huge amount when I spent a year (1972-3) at
Edinburgh University, where there were already a lot of well
established AI researchers, including

    Donald Michie (probably the the person with the best claim to be
        the UK's founding father of AI)
    Rod Burstall
    Christopher Longet-Higgins
        He led the epistemics group
    Steve Isard
    Julian Davies
    Bernard Meltzer
        He led the computational logic group
    Pat Hayes (moved to a lectureship at Essex just as I arrived)
    Steve Salter
        designer of Freddy the robot's mechanics
    Robin Popplestone
    Pat Ambler
    Harry Barrow
    Bob Kowalski

PhD students included
    Geoff Hinton, Alan Bundy, David Warren,

and several others (including several people from the USA who
thought the Edinburgh AI group was well worth visiting: e.g.
Americans there included Danny Bobrow, J Moore, Bob Boyer, Chris
Brown, Frank Brown, and others.).

All of those listed above have a better claim than I have to be called
founders of AI in the UK.

A lot of very good work had been done by then (1973) in Edinburgh
(including some interesting robotics work which is now totally ignored
by some roboticists of the 1990s who tend to think they invented it all,
and who have no idea how difficult it was to do AI with the computers
available then, which took several minutes to find the outline of a
teacup in a digitised image, ruling out any possibility of "online"
control of action.  The idea that there can be important trade-offs
between software complexity and physical design was well understood, at
least in some contexts: of course the label "situated" had not become
fashionable yet).


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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Early AI Research
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 > I mailed Robin Popplestone at umass and got this response:
 > 
 >   Date: Thu, 1 Feb 2001 23:06:55 -0500 (EST)
 >   From: Robin Popplestone  <pop@roo.cs.umass.edu>
 >   To: gtoal@gtoal.com
 >   Subject: This is a recording... [Re: Edinburgh History]
 > 
 >   This is an autoresponder.
 > 
 >   I will not be reading my e-mail for the entire summer.
 >   Your message will be read when I return.
 >                                  -- Robin Popplestone
 > 
 > Given that it's currently snowing in Mass, I suspect that message
 > is *long* out of date.  Does anyone know where he might be nowadays
 > that he actually gets mail?

This one isn't too hard - he's spending a sabbatical year here in
JCMB!!  In fact, I remember noticing that you had him as one of the
recipients on your very first mailing (robin@dcs.ed.ac.uk).

Gordon.



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From sentto-2719433-23-981490103-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Tue Feb  6 13:34:53 2001
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Next task...
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Status: RO

Well, we seem to have run out of steam in identifying old archives,
so it seems like it's time to move on to the next stage of the
project: fetching what we have already identified and putting it
online in an archive.  I am setting up a new FTP server this week
and it should be online for next Monday.  At that point we'll start
contacting everyone who offered code and ask you to FTP it to us.

Anyone whose code is not already online could usefully use this coming
week to find it and put it on a net-connected machine somewhere.

If you have old tapes, remember JGH may be able to read them for you.

Thanks

Graham

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To: edinburgh-computer-history@yahoogroups.com
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] FTP AREA IS READY!
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Status: RO

Thanks to my wife, who has 57Gb free on the hard drive of her Win2K PC,
we now have an FTP area for uploads for the History Project.

Connect to "ftp.gtoal.com" using FTP - username ftp or anonymous - no password
needed, although it's polite to give your email address.

cd to /uploads

You will be able to see the names of files in that directory but you
will not be able to fetch any files from it.  (I will be manually
transferring uploads from here to our web site)

You will however be able to put files *to* it, and to create sub-directories
under it (using the mkdir command).

I chose to set it up this way so that if the info about the site's existence
spreads past our little trustworthy group, it won't be abused by warez pirates
or mp3 hounds - people who like to upload to public ftp sites then tell their
friends where they can go to download stuff from.  This is an upload-only
site - no downloads.  so if anyone does upload any junk, it'll be a nice
present for me, but not for the friends that they intended it for :-)

Please start sending your goodies.  If you want to create subdirectories
under your name to keep things organised, you're welcome to.  Or you can
create subdirectories with appropriate names like 'compilers' or whatever -
it's entirely open for you.  It would be very helpful if you also mailed
to thelist (or me directly) with a description or just a list of what
you uploaded.

Uploads should be relatively fast; I have a 1.1Mb SDSL to my ISP, who
has a T1 to the net.  The T1 may be loaded to some extent during the US
peak times but probably it will be very fast during the periods that
most UK people are free to do this sort of stuff.  I don't forsee net
bandwidth being a limiting factor.


Thank you everyone for contributing!


Graham


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Date: Tue, 20 Mar 2001 23:34:48 -0000
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Kicking this project back into life...
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Status: RO

Hello folks.  Just over a month back I had some personal stuff
to take care of, and I didn't have time to ride herd on this
project group.  Actually I was rather hoping that if I was
quiet for a few days, someone in the Edinburgh area would step
in and do some organising in my absence.  Unfortunately it
didn't work out that way, and then I had an illness, followed
by my DSL line (and therefore our web and ftp servers) also being
sick for a couple of weeks.

All that is taken care of now, and I'm back at the wheel.

Fotunately this is a project that doesn't have too heavy time
constraints, as long as no-one trashes anything that we'd
identified as wanting to keep.  We can afford quiet periods,
but on the other hand I think it is important to keep a
momentum going, lest any outsiders we ask for help get the
impression that we're not taking it seriously.

Incidentally, Ian, although not free at the moment, is hoping to have
some leisure time in a month or so and I'll be twisting his
arm as much as he'll let me to involve him in some ground work
in Edinburgh.

We did pretty well in the first few weeks when this project
started, in identifying some of the old work that we'd like
to preserve.  I'ld like us to spend the next 3-4 weeks doing
something concrete and actually getting some of the files online
at our ftp server (ftp.gtoal.com).  To this end (rather than
put anyone on the spot by posting here) I intend to drop
a few private mails to various of the people who offered to
help, over the next week, suggesting some specific tasks that
they might do.

This next month's target is to get enough of a start and
items online that our web site looks serious; I'm hoping that
this will kick-start donations to the site which should then
continue to roll in at a constant rate.

If anyone needs help, and it is something I'm able to help with,
you may ask me for help at any time.  There is quite a lot I can do
that isn't constrained by the fact that I'm 3000 miles from
Edinburgh.

Graham



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This is a content-free posting because Yahoo is about to delete the
group because of 90 days inactivity :-(  So I need to post something
to keep it alive.

G


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From sentto-2719433-27-998300511-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Aug 20 04:38:11 2001
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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Keep up the good work
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Hello,

I'm just passing through - I stumbled across your group while 
searching for something else, and and found your archives fascinating. 
Just wanted to post a message of encouragement (and it keeps Yahoo off 
oyur backs for a bit!) As a Cobol programmer on ICL VME machines I 
used a version of ECCE for about 12 years (1986-98?) at 
SSEB/ScottishPower before it was phased out in favour of something 
universal but inferior, so it's great to hear that you guys are trying 
to preserve the original. I wonder if it was a commercial success?

Margo


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From sentto-2719433-28-998300948-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Aug 20 04:45:25 2001
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Subject: Re: [ed-comp-hist] Keep up the good work
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Hi Margo

Welcome to the group - I just joined recently when I discovered that I've
been dancing at ceilidhs with Hamish Dewar for years and didn't realise it
was the same Hamish that was at the CS Dept back in the 80s!

>> ...used a version of ECCE for about 12 years (1986-98?) <<

Wow, I'm surprised and impressed that it lasted until 98! I wonder if
there's a version for PCs? I remember when Hamish wrote VECCE and I found it
a bit strange at first to have the ability to move the cursor around the
text and edit it in place!

Mike Scott
http://mikescommunity.com.


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Date: Mon, 20 Aug 2001 11:42:56 +0100
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Subject: Re: [ed-comp-hist] Keep up the good work
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>I'm just passing through - I stumbled across your group while
>searching for something else, and and found your archives fascinating.
>Just wanted to post a message of encouragement (and it keeps Yahoo off
>oyur backs for a bit!) As a Cobol programmer on ICL VME machines I
>used a version of ECCE for about 12 years (1986-98?) at
>SSEB/ScottishPower before it was phased out in favour of something
>universal but inferior, so it's great to hear that you guys are trying
>to preserve the original. I wonder if it was a commercial success?

There have been dozens of versions of ecce over the years. I have most recently made versions for the Macintosh, both as a native application and as an extension to run within BBEdit (my favourite editor on the Mac).

The version that I run on

Sun Microsystems Inc.   SunOS 5.7       Generic October 1998

is based on Pascal source.

You will find the source and manual page in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/ecce.pas

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/ecce.doc

The calling shell-script and SunOS 5.7 binary are in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/bin/ecce

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/bin/ecce1


Any use of the above source or object is (of course) entirely at your own risk.


I also have C++ source for the Macintosh and for Unix/Linux.


These are all based on versions of ecce that date from the mid to late sixties.

(From the man page):

      H. Whitfield, Computing Laboratory, University  of  Newcastle
      upon Tyne, NE1 7RU. This editor  is based upon older versions
      by H. Dewar and others of the Department of Computer Science,
      University of Edinburgh.

The original version was probably written in IMP (a development from Atlas Autocode). Over the years I (and many others) have produced versions coded in various programming languages including Algol 60, Fortran, Pascal, C/C++ etc.

One advantage of ecce was that it was easy to port to a new machine, and could often be got to work first time, so that one did not need to learn a new editor.

Over the years, people at Edinburgh made other versions, including versions that worked on VDUs and provided a multi-line display format.

I don't know whether any of those versions still exist.

I have made versions for my own use on Unix and the Macintosh. As ecce does not have a modern GUI, I tend to use it (on the Mac) within BBEdit rather than as a stand-alone application.

Harry.
-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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From sentto-2719433-30-998304817-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Aug 20 05:49:55 2001
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Hi Harry

Thanks for the info re ecce, especially the location of source code which
I'll go grab right now! Do you have any ideas about vecce source? I'll try
asking Hamish Dewar and see if he still has it, though it will be in IMP.

Mike Scott
http://mikescommunity.com


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>Thanks for the info re ecce, especially the location of source code which
>I'll go grab right now! Do you have any ideas about vecce source? I'll try
>asking Hamish Dewar and see if he still has it, though it will be in IMP.

Sorry - I think that all my efforts are based on pre-1972 versions of ecce.

I'll put my C++ source on my web site in next few days, as that may be of more use to some people than the Pascal source.

Harry.
-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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Hi Harry

>> I'll put my C++ source on my web site in next few days, as that may be of
more use to some people than the Pascal source. <<

Thanks for that. However, since I was a student in the Pascal days, I'm now
a consultant specialising in Delphi which uses Pascal so the source I just
grabbed will do nicely!

If I get time I'll try to do a PC/Windows version and I'll email the source
for that back to you if you like.

Cheers.

Mike Scott
http://mikescommunity.com


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Mike (et al),

> >> I'll put my C++ source on my web site in next few days, as that may be of
>more use to some people than the Pascal source. <<

I've revised my ecce page:

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce.html

I've also linked my  Linux and Macintosh C++ source.

>Thanks for that. However, since I was a student in the Pascal days, I'm now
>a consultant specialising in Delphi which uses Pascal so the source I just
>grabbed will do nicely!
>
>If I get time I'll try to do a PC/Windows version and I'll email the source
>for that back to you if you like.

I'd be pleased to see that and to have a .exe file.

Harry.
-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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--- In edinburgh-computer-history@y..., Harry Whitfield 
<harry.whitfield@n...> wrote:
> The version that I run on
> 
> Sun Microsystems Inc.   SunOS 5.7       Generic October 1998
> 
> is based on Pascal source.
> 
> You will find the source and manual page in
> 
> 
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/ecce.p
as

Just for grins, here's my C version:

http://www.gtoal.com/athome/edinburgh/ecce.c

Graham


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--- In edinburgh-computer-history@y..., <mike@m...> wrote:
> Hi Harry
> 
> Thanks for the info re ecce, especially the location of source code 
which
> I'll go grab right now! Do you have any ideas about vecce source? 
I'll try
> asking Hamish Dewar and see if he still has it, though it will be in 
IMP.

I have the EMAS source of Vecce I think.  I had about 1500 BBC Micro
floppies which I uploaded to my PC over the last 6 months and I'm
fairly sure I remember spotting Vecce among them (also compare).

It may take me some time to find it again (I have 1500 directories
named disk0001 through disk1500 approximately!) as I don't have an
indexer like Alta Vista running on my PC at the moment, but I'll
find it eventually. (And PC's aren't as easy just to kick off a
large recursive grep, as Unix is :-( )

I guess the archive is finally going to have some content!  Great!
I'll start organising it and linking to the web page.

Graham



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Hi Graham

>> It may take me some time to find it again (I have 1500 directories
named disk0001 through disk1500 approximately!) as I don't have an
indexer like Alta Vista running on my PC at the moment, but I'll
find it eventually. (And PC's aren't as easy just to kick off a
large recursive grep, as Unix is :-( ) <<

It's only easy on *nix if you know the command. DOS is no different:

dir vec*.* /s    to do a recursive file search

grep is more of a problem. I had an old DOS grep years ago but I don't know
where that is. However, you could try these sites:

http://oakroadsystems.com/sharware/grep.htm for a shareware DOS version.

http://www.albedo.net/~arvic/fw-dos.html for a freeware version

Mike Scott
http://mikescommunity.com



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Hi Everyone,

> >> ...used a version of ECCE for about 12 years (1986-98?) <<
> 
> Wow, I'm surprised and impressed that it lasted until 98! I wonder if
> there's a version for PCs? I remember when Hamish wrote VECCE and I found it
> a bit strange at first to have the ability to move the cursor around the
> text and edit it in place!

That's nothing, I still use VECCE on a daily basis (VMS), and even ECCE too sometimes (Solaris)!
(I did once have a PC version, but really prefer EMACS to ECCE for most PC editing.)

Here is a question when might appeal to the group - I am writing a paper on my companies
Automation techniques for the USA, and I was going to mention the programming language
used - Imp!   What do people think is the best reference to give for it?

My thoughts are to use Peter Robertson's EUCSD report from 1979.  There was also a Lattice
Logic edition of the same document from the early 1980s, but I think the University one is
probably the better reference.  Any other ideas?  I think using a later reference is better than
any of the EMAP projects from the late 60's early 70's!

best regards

Gordon Hughes

%end %of %file



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From sentto-2719433-38-998343373-gtoal=vt.com@returns.onelist.com  Mon Aug 20 16:33:25 2001
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> Automation techniques for the USA, and I was going to mention the programming language
> used - Imp!   What do people think is the best reference to give for it?
>
> My thoughts are to use Peter Robertson's EUCSD report from 1979.  There was also a Lattice
> Logic edition of the same document from the early 1980s, but I think the University one is
> probably the better reference.  Any other ideas?  I think using a later reference is better than
> any of the EMAP projects from the late 60's early 70's!

The big question is, are any of them actually available to someone who wanted
to follow up the reference?

I think I have the 3L version somewhere, and I know I have Robertson's
thesis.  As of course must he, and he does read this list I think, so
maybe he can put either one on the web?  I'ld be happy to scan either
to a pdf with his permission, though I have to say that would take me
several weeks.

Graham
PS ftp.gtoal.com is still available for uploads, Gordon.  [Hint, hint!]


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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] This isn't working, is it?
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Hello again folks,

  I'm prompted to write because I've just finished reading
"The Difference Engine" by Doron Swade; a fairly readable and
unbiased history of Charles Babbage; followed by the story of
the restoration of the Difference Engine done by the Science
Museum.

I recommend it as a good but slightly depressing read.  (Depressing
in the sense of it is clear that even 150 years ago Babbage's
project was doomed by being run in that peculiarly British academic
style; if he had been managed and taken to America I'm convinced
we'd be 50 years further down the Moore's Law curve by now)

The good thing about the book however is no matter how many
failures it catalogs, its one success story is the restoration
project, which despite many setbacks (mostly managerial/ 
staffing/financial), did succeed in the end.

It is clear to me that *our* project is not going anywhere.  If I
were in Scotland I would be running around making a nuisance of
myself and getting disks and tapes off everyone, but that just doesn't
work remotely and no-one in Scotland appears willing to do legwork.

I'm thinking that perhaps the self-motivated amateur effort is not
the best way to carry out this project.

The Difference Engine project was able to raise over quarter of
a million to get one piece of equipment restored.  Perhaps we should
be looking at getting funding for this project, creating a post
of historian, and tackling it seriously?

I throw out this suggestion to the list, but really it's really
directed to Gordon Brebner as I think he's the only person capable
of finding finding and creating such a post.

I'm thinking something like $75 - $100K would fund staff and
hardware.  Given the University's history with ICL and ICL's close
connection with one of our biggest projects, EMAS, perhaps ICL would
be the sensible company to approach first.  They co-funded
the Babbage project most enthusiatically, according to the book, and
this project would be much closer to home for them.  However if
any of our members know any industry moguls with a nostalgic streak
for Edinburgh, don't be reticent to float a trial balloon in their
direction.

The Science Museum's Difference Engine project is something that has
to be seen in person -- the online description is pitiful
(http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/collections/exhiblets/babbage/start.a
sp)
and really only makes sense after you buy the book written by the
person who happens to be Assistant Director of the Science Museum.
The web pages in fact seem to be a tiny precis extracted from 
the book - and they don't include *any* of the juicy details you
really want to know such as Babbage's "Mechanical Notation"

Our project would be a permanent online exhibit, done professionally.

I would give serious thought to taking a sabattical from my employment
in Texas to go do this thing if no-one else would, if it were funded
properly.

Graham



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From sentto-2719433-40-1007011145-gtoal=vt.com@returns.groups.yahoo.com  Wed Nov 28 23:16:49 2001
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Hello again folks,

  I'm prompted to write because I've just finished reading
"The Difference Engine" by Doron Swade; a fairly readable and
unbiased history of Charles Babbage; followed by the story of
the restoration of the Difference Engine done by the Science
Museum.

I recommend it as a good but slightly depressing read.  (Depressing
in the sense of it is clear that even 150 years ago Babbage's
project was doomed by being run in that peculiarly British academic
style; if he had been managed and taken to America I'm convinced
we'd be 50 years further down the Moore's Law curve by now)

The good thing about the book however is no matter how many
failures it catalogs, its one success story is the restoration
project, which despite many setbacks (mostly managerial/ 
staffing/financial), did succeed in the end.

It is clear to me that *our* project is not going anywhere.  If I
were in Scotland I would be running around making a nuisance of
myself and getting disks and tapes off everyone, but that just doesn't
work remotely and no-one in Scotland appears willing to do legwork.

I'm thinking that perhaps the self-motivated amateur effort is not
the best way to carry out this project.

The Difference Engine project was able to raise over quarter of
a million to get one piece of equipment restored.  Perhaps we should
be looking at getting funding for this project, creating a post
of historian, and tackling it seriously?

I throw out this suggestion to the list, but really it's really
directed to Gordon Brebner as I think he's the only person capable
of finding finding and creating such a post.

I'm thinking something like $75 - $100K would fund staff and
hardware.  Given the University's history with ICL and ICL's close
connection with one of our biggest projects, EMAS, perhaps ICL would
be the sensible company to approach first.  They co-funded
the Babbage project most enthusiatically, according to the book, and
this project would be much closer to home for them.  However if
any of our members know any industry moguls with a nostalgic streak
for Edinburgh, don't be reticent to float a trial balloon in their
direction.

The Science Museum's Difference Engine project is something that has
to be seen in person -- the online description is pitiful
(http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/collections/exhiblets/babbage/start.a
sp)
and really only makes sense after you buy the book written by the
person who happens to be Assistant Director of the Science Museum.
The web pages in fact seem to be a tiny precis extracted from 
the book - and they don't include *any* of the juicy details you
really want to know such as Babbage's "Mechanical Notation"

Our project would be a permanent online exhibit, done professionally.

I would give serious thought to taking a sabattical from my employment
in Texas to go do this thing if no-one else would, if it were funded
properly.

Graham



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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] No code
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I'm afraid that I don't have any of the source code to Legos or the 
filestore (version 1, Hamish re-wrote it) that I wrote. I used to 
have a magnetic tape with a whole load of VMS stuff I wrote, and 
maybe other stuff, but in various moves it has got lost. I know it 
had the VMS implementation of ECCE I did, half in IMP and half in 
assembler. I'm pretty sure I don't have it rather than just hidden 
it in an unopened box.

-- paul mclellan




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Subject: [ed-comp-hist] First contact
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It is only recently that I became aware of the existence of this project -- through Mike Scott, whom I regularly bump into at Ceilidh dances here in Edinburgh (well, I'm not as proficient a dancer as he is).

My first involvement with Edinburgh University came when I joined a syntactic analysis project in the English Language department, on which Harry Whitfield and Paul Bratley also worked. I followed them into the Department of Computer Science. The project was under the aegis of Prof. Angus McIntosh, and the principal investigator was James Peter Thorne, who succeeded Angus as professor of English Language. Sadly, Jimmy died in post a number of years ago; I still miss him. He was a superb raconteur, and a great source of gossip (only slightly malicious and embroidered) about University politics and intrigue. Not a little of this, it should be said, related to the setting up and evolution of such entities as the Machine Intelligence Unit, the Departments of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, and the Edinburgh Regional Computing  Centre.

I eventually left the Department of Computer Science in 1984, to set up Clan Systems, along with Igor Hansen.

It was good to read the message from Prof. Donald Michie. Donald was one of the key people responsible for putting Edinburgh on the computing map, and his annual Machine Intelligence workshops, which attracted leading figures from around the world, created a real buzz of excitement. I wonder if he is considering writing his memoirs. I am sure they would make fascinating, and controversial, reading.

The unforgettable and much-loved Prof. Sidney Michaelson has been mentioned in earlier posts, but another key figure was Dr G E ('Tommy') Thomas, Director of the Edinburgh Regional Computing Centre (ERCC). Like Sidney and Donald, Tommy had vision on the grand scale, and worked tenaciously, and with considerable success, to put in place and nourish the resources to implement that vision.

To return to the Edinburgh Computing History project, I find it intriguing, touching even, that anyone should be interested in re-visiting some of the old stuff created in Edinburgh.
For me, the period was one of great potential and invention, but in many ways the potential was not realised.There was too much emphasis on the individual virtuoso performance, and not enough on teamwork and stability. I accept my full share of the blame for that.

Leaving that aside, many of the problems which we faced in those days were due to insufficient computer resources, particularly storage. This was especially true of the early single-user systems, such as the PDP8, PDP7/9/15, Interdatas, etc. The reverse-loading technique which I used for the PDP9 IMP compiler would not have been necessary if the machine configuration had included either random-access storage or sufficient immediate memory. (If I remember correctly, early versions of the compiler produced the object-code on paper-tape which was then literally read backwards to load the program. All to fix up the forward references of course. Fanfold paper-tape was quite convenient for this).

I would be quite embarassed to have my early implementations of ECCE exposed to view. By any standards of programming practice, they are appalling -- full of jumps and labels to achieve opportunistic code sharing, for example. But it did allow ECCE to be implemented, and efficiently implemented, on a number of modest hardware configurations.
(On the subject of ECCE, I was interested to read Chris Whitfield's remark about the original implemention of ECCE being by Alan Freeman on the PDP8. Until now, I thought I was the begetter of ECCE, although like everything else it built on what went before. My recollection is that Alan Freeman did indeed implement a context-editor on the PDP8, but it did not have the structure and features of ECCE, such as the use of Regular Expressions for programmatic editing.)

As another example of overcoming hardware deficiencies, I devised HAL (High-Level Assembler) largely because I despaired of being able to produce a compiler for machines like the ICL 7502, which had about the worst machine instruction set that I ever encountered. (Not quite the worst. I think a machine called Arcturus was worse. It had 18-bit instructions and 16-bit data words. How you were supposed to load programs was a mystery. The only other thing I remember about it was that it had a SEX instruction -- Sign EXtend, natch, what did you think).

I have to wonder if there is any merit in resurrecting some of this stuff, except along the lines that George Bernard Shaw used about parents: that they should never hold themselves up to their children as an example, only as a warning.

Finally, I still write the occasional IMP program, to meet an ad hoc computing requirement, such as plotting my blood pressure (rising) or the performance of my share portfolio (falling). This runs on a Clan workstation, designed by Igor Hansen, which is a sort of grandson of the APM machine (aka the Fred machine). I also use a laser printer with a Clan-designed controller, which supports a much-enhanced version of Layout, among other protocols.
 
Warm greetings to all former students and colleagues,
Hamish Dewar.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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--- In edinburgh-computer-history@y..., "Hamish Dewar" <hamish@h...> 
wrote:
> It is only recently that I became aware of the existence of this 
project -- through Mike Scott, whom I regularly bump into at Ceilidh 
dances here in Edinburgh (well, I'm not as proficient a dancer as he 
is).

Thanks Hamish, it's really good to have you on board.

> To return to the Edinburgh Computing History project, I find it 
intriguing, touching even, that anyone should be interested in 
re-visiting some of the old stuff created in Edinburgh.

> For me, the period was one of great potential and invention, but in 
many ways the potential was not realised.There was too much emphasis 
on the individual virtuoso performance, and not enough on teamwork
and stability. I accept my full share of the blame for that.

I think probably the majority of us feel the same way - we 
(collectively) missed a great opportunity to shape the future of
computer science worldwide.

But you are wrong in one respect - the problem that Edinburgh had was 
not one of individuals - many successful projects (most???) have been 
the result of one person.  The problem that Edinburgh had was
twofold: 
firstly, we did not subscribe to the American ethic of 'publish or 
perish'.  We were quite happy to rest contented once we had cracked a 
difficult problem.  We didn't really care if anyone else knew, in
fact it went against the grain to brag; secondly, almost everyone 
involved in those days was an academic; there were very few 
entrepreneurial types, and those who were went off to do their own 
thing (eg Grid luggable laptops) but not the *right* thing.  A good 
manager with the commercial drive of a Bill Gates would without any 
doubt in my mind have taken the Edinburgh teams and made them into 
something that would have had global significance.

> I would be quite embarassed to have my early implementations of
ECCE 
exposed to view. By any standards of programming practice, they are 
appalling -- full of jumps and labels to achieve opportunistic code 
sharing, for example. But it did allow ECCE to be implemented, and 
efficiently implemented, on a number of modest hardware 
configurations.

Although I'm hoping that this group can salvage some of the operating 
systems (yours, legos, EMAS etc) programs like Ecce are still a 
significant part of the Edinburgh culture and the fact that there
have been maybe twenty different independently-written versions 
confirms that - and I think it's fascinating to watch the development 
of Ecce from those early sources with jumps etc to some of the
current ones such as those in C and Pascal.  (I vaguely remember a 
Coral60 implementation from my days at GEC even! Although it might 
have been in 4000 series assembler)

> I have to wonder if there is any merit in resurrecting some of this 
stuff, except along the lines that George Bernard Shaw used about 
parents: that they should never hold themselves up to their children 
as an example, only as a warning.

Please don't think that way!!!!  That is the same sort of attitude
that folks had back in the days.  When you're a perfectionist, you 
never want to release anything to the world because you think you can 
still do better.  But if we had done so 20 to 30 years ago, we 
wouldn't be sitting in front of a crap OS like Windows today.
All the other competing systems that were contemporary with ours -
Unix, EMACS, - they were all a pigs ear inside.  We had *nothing*
to be ashamed of.  I think it is really important that we save that 
old work before it is lost forever because in the future, historians 
will look back on it with the same awe that we look back on Babbage's 
difference engine, and say "you know, that really was ahead of its 
time".
 
> Finally, I still write the occasional IMP program, to meet an ad
hoc 
computing requirement, such as plotting my blood pressure (rising) or 
the performance of my share portfolio (falling). This runs on a Clan 
workstation, designed by Igor Hansen, which is a sort of grandson of 
the APM machine (aka the Fred machine). I also use a laser printer 
with a Clan-designed controller, which supports a much-enhanced 
version of Layout, among other protocols.

This really warms the cockles of my heart.
  
> Warm greetings to all former students and colleagues,
> Hamish Dewar.

Don't be a stranger!  And think about any place you may have stashed 
your early sources, because I hope to come knocking on your door soon 
(electronically I mean) to filch as many of them as you'll let us, to 
add to the archive.

By the way, I received a copy of Vecce from Keith Refson today and
will be using it to officially open the archives with as the first 
formal exhibit this weekend.

regards

Graham



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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 13:58:57 -0000
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Hi Hamish

Glad to see that you've joined the list. I kept forgetting to mention it
again at the ceilidhs - too many other "distractions" - you know what I
mean<grin>.

>> It is only recently that I became aware of the existence of this
project -- through Mike Scott, whom I regularly bump into at Ceilidh dances
here in Edinburgh (well, I'm not as proficient a dancer as he is). <<

I note that the last time I saw you doing a Cumberland Square Eight was at
the Caley about 2 years ago, when our set gradually drilled itself into the
concrete and collapsed in a heap. So although we didn't bump into each other
on that occasion, we did bump ourselves and our partners into the floor! So
although we all cringe at things we've done, they're not ever as bad as we
think - don't let that hold you back from contributing your old source code.
I for one would be very interested to see it. And maybe you'll be brave
enough to join in another Cumberland one day... :-)

>> I eventually left the Department of Computer Science in 1984, to set up
Clan Systems, along with Igor Hansen. <<

Reiner Thonnes and I affectionately referred to your company as "Clown
Systems". I'm not sure whether that was simply because of the silly
almost-rhyme, or if it was a reference to the proprietors... <gd&r!>

>> For me, the period was one of great potential and invention, but in many
ways the potential was not realised... <<

I second Graham's sentiments on this. I was intensely frustrated with the
operating systems in the early '80s. I'd had quite a deep look at Unix and
its kernel and wasn't impressed. When people said how good Unix was, they
were really meaning that it had a great tool set and nice scripting. But
Unix under the hood is horrible. If you have a look at the Linux kernel -
even the latest stable 2.4 version - the code is full of gotos and isn't
elegant at all in many places.

>> I would be quite embarassed to have my early implementations of ECCE
exposed to view... <<

We don't want you to expose yourself - we do enough of that at ceilidhs,
Hamish. Did you not write VECCE? I remember using it on Visual 100s or 200s
attached to the CS VAX to get through to my EMAS account at 9,600 baud - the
old Perkin Elmers that we poor CS1 students were supposed to use only ran at
1,200 or 2,400 baud if memory serves. It's amazing how much faster 9,600
baud seemed and also how much nicer it was to use VECCE than ECCE. Now 9,600
baud seems unbelievably sedentary!

>> As another example of overcoming hardware deficiencies, I devised HAL
(High-Level Assembler) <<

Didn't the CS2 students do a simple OS project in HAL, either on the
Interdatas or on Motorola 6809 development kits? Which one was it, or was it
neither?

I also remember the first time I saw a mouse was this nasty red plastic
thing with 3 buttons, which looked suspiciously like ones I'd seen in a
Maplin catalogue, attached to a Fred machine. I remember writing some code
to call Fred's graphic routines using the mouse for input and being
impressed at how fast his circle fill was. I think this was about the same
time as the Apple Lisa - which was the second machine I saw with a mouse.

>> ...18-bit instructions and 16-bit data words... <<

Ouch! We may all remember these days fondly, but there were also many
insanities! I'm sure that compared to this, your ECCE code can't really be
that bad - everything is relative.

Personally, I'd like to see your IMP compiler for the Fred machine (or its
derivatives). Since you have admitted to using IMP now and again even today,
you surely must have the code for the compiler. Any chance of releasing
that?

Also, as we discussed in the pub on Rose Street after the grab-a-granny
session in Princes Street Gardens, I'd be interested in hearing more about
that routing algorithm and software that you developed for PCB design. If
you're too shy to talk about it here in public, maybe I can bribe you with
alcohol in one of our many hostelries? :-)

Mike Scott.


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Hi Graham

>> By the way, I received a copy of Vecce from Keith Refson today... <<

So who was the originator of Vecce?

Mike.


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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 15:55:32 +0000
Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Ecce Sources and Objects
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Here follow extracts from two messages sent in July/August 2001.

First message:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There have been dozens of versions of ecce over the years. I have most recently made versions for the Macintosh, both as a native application and as an extension to run within BBEdit (my favourite editor on the Mac).

The version that I run on

Sun Microsystems Inc. SunOS 5.7 Generic October 1998

is based on Pascal source.

You will find the source and manual page in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/ecce.pas

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/ecce.doc

The calling shell-script and SunOS 5.7 binary are in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/bin/ecce

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce/bin/ecce1


Source for my Macintosh C/C++ version 3.5 is in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce.c


Source for my C/C++ Linux version 3.3 is in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce.cp


There is a general manual page in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce.txt


There is a (Classic) Macintosh application (Version 2.01) based on Pascal source in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/ecce.sea.hqx


There are (Classic) Macintosh BBEdit extensions (including Ecce) in

http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/people/harry.whitfield/home.formal/BBXTs.sea.hqx
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Second message:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
These versions are based on versions of ecce that date from the mid to late sixties.

(From the man page):

      H. Whitfield, Computing Laboratory, University  of  Newcastle
      upon Tyne, NE1 7RU. This editor  is based upon older versions
      by H. Dewar and others of the Department of Computer Science,
      University of Edinburgh.

The original version was probably written in IMP (a development from Atlas Autocode). Over the years I (and others) have produced versions coded in various programming languages including Algol 60, Fortran, Pascal, C/C++ etc.

The main advantage of ecce was that it was easy to port to a new machine, and could often be got to work first time, so that one did not need to learn a new editor.

Over the years, the people at Edinburgh made other versions, including versions that worked on VDUs and provided a multi-line display format.

I don't know whether any of those versions still exist.

I have made versions for my own use on Unix and the Macintosh. As ecce does not have a modern GUI, I tend to use it (on the Mac) within BBEdit rather than as a stand-alone application.

In answer to your specific questions:

>1. I cannot edit file1 into file2 using "ecce file1 file2"

The basic ecce program compiled into ecce1 does just that!

So you could say ecce1 file1 file2

The shell program in ecce wraps  ecce1 up so that you can do

ecce file1 to make a new file1 or edit an old file1 to produce a new file1 but keep the old version in file1.bak.

You can change the shell to do whatever you like, including

the execution of ecce commands on the command line as in

ecce file1 file2 %s=some_commands

If you are not familiar with shell programming, I'm sure your local Unix guru would be able to help.

>2. I can't see how to exit without saving

I don't think there is a way to do that in my version of ecce1.

That is because the program works by copying the input file into an internal buffer and pushing data to the output file when the internal buffer gets full. If you edit a file which is longer than the internal buffer, the program will have written data to the output file. So you have to do %c to get a consistent state.

You could make the internal buffer bigger, if you wished, but the problem could still occur.

You could alter the shell to edit a copy of your file. If you used ^C to abort the operation, the original file would still be there.

>3. The "^" copy/paste system isn't there, (eg. the sequence below would
>copy the first 3 characters of each line to the end of the line:)
>>(^r3^ r0 i@ m)0

It never has been in versions I've seen. That must have come along later.

>4. There's no %h help

True. That wasn't in the original version of ecce, either! However, the  manual page probably tells you all you need to know. %h would be easy enough to do, but hardly worth it.

>5. I used to be able to invoke ecce to run with some commands with (I
>think):
> >ecce file1 file2 %s=some_commands

See above. Should be possible with a modified calling shell program.

>   Is this all down to some special version of ecce I had been using
>previously, or are these sorts of things present but under different
>syntax?

I suspect that you have been using a later version of ecce, which has been embellished.

The copy/paste would require some thought and a program change, and I've not done anything major with ecce for years, so I'd be reluctant to start on that.

The other things you ask about could be achieved by having a cleverer shell calling program. That is an exercise for the reader (or your Unix guru).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Needless to say, I have no objection to these programs being copied and/or used subject to the condition that users do so entirely at their own risk.

Kind regards,

Harry.

-- 
Emeritus Professor Harry Whitfield, Department of Computing Science,
University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/~harry.whitfield

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Hello to all the recent new commers to the list.

> Over the years, the people at Edinburgh made other versions, including
> versions that worked on VDUs and provided a multi-line display format.
>
> I don't know whether any of those versions still exist.

I still use VECCE on our VAX and Alpha VMS systems as my editor of
choice, even though I am now also tri-lingual with VI and EMACS.

This is the Lattice Logic dervitive which added normal VMS command
line parsing to Hamish's version.

I think I have the Imp source of it somewhere, although have not 
needed it in the last 12 years since leaving Lattice Logic!
There is a lot to be said for the binary compatibility of the VMS
systems from VAX to Alpha, and the Sun systems from Solaris 1 to Solaris 2!

Everyone in my department at Compugraphics uses VECCE with some of the
"magic spells" which I have documented to do things like tailing space
deletion, or trailing CR deletion when files have been FTP'ed to us
in the wrong modes.  The extensions to do arithmetic on numbers are
partiularly useful when editing job set up files.

(And I often write Imp programs for VMS or Solaris too, which I can still
do faster, and they are more efficient that my equivalent C programs!)

best regards

Gordon Hughes


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]


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Mike Scott writes:
 > Hi Graham
 > 
 > >> By the way, I received a copy of Vecce from Keith Refson today... <<
 > 
 > So who was the originator of Vecce?

I got it from Hamish Dewar, and hacked it about a bit, on both
EMAS/Amdahl and Vax/VMS.  I used it until the early 90s.  After that I
didn't have an IMP compiler so it fell out of use.

Keith Refson

- 
Dr Keith Refson, 
Building R3
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Chilton
Didcot
Oxfordshire OX11 0QX
T: 01235 446652		K.Refson@
F: 01235 445720		@rl.ac.uk

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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 14:14:08 -0600 (CST)
Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Re: Ecce Sources and Objects
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Status: RO

I've put what I have so far online temporarily at

http://www.gtoal.com/athome/edinburgh/ecce/

If you have any other sources of ecce not listed here, email me and I'll
arrange with you to get them to me.  Significantly we don't have a single
IMP version of the old command-line ecce yet!  I'm thinking JGH and Rainer
may be the people to call on at the moment for versions of Ecce.

Let's try to 'do' ecce over the next 7 days.  Maybe by tackling one
specific program at a time, we may make more progress than we had been
doing until now.

(Did anyone keep a copy of Richard Marshall's "red", which was a redesigned
editor that was not Ecce, but was roughly what Ecce might have been if it
were consistent in its use of parameters throughout?)

NOTE: the yahoo groups server seems to have had a brain haemorrhage today
and most of our old articles are lost.  Since those articles were actually
our memos as to what was where, I think I had better recover my copies of
all of them from old mailboxes and put those on the web site too.

I was fascinated to see in the Vecce archive that Hamish had rewritten
his Imp syntax checker, using the parser from his 68000 version of Imp.

I hadn't seen that one before but I was very familiar with the old version.

[Some day after this project is much more developed, - with, we hope,
significant amounts of Imp source online - that checker might be used as a
basis of a student project to write an Imp to C translator?]

Graham


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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 22:13:17 -0000
Subject: Re: [ed-comp-hist] Re: First contact
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Hi Keith

>> I got it [Vecce] from Hamish Dewar...

I remember when it first appeared at Edinburgh, that Hamish was reputed to
be the author. Hamish, could you tell us if this is true and, if so, how
Vecce came about.

Mike.


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To: edinburgh-computer-history@yahoogroups.com
Cc: hamish@hdewar.fsnet.co.uk
From: Graham Toal <gtoal@vt.com>
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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 17:52:47 -0600 (CST)
Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Hamish: check list...
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Status: RO

Hamish, this is what I remember of your work or at least the parts of it
that I've used.  I'm sure there are programs I've missed, and systems
I've forgotten.  Could you fill in any blanks that you can remember for
us please?

thanks

Graham
----------

Languages:

Imp for
 PDP9/15
 68000

POP2 (written in Imp)
AI2LOGO (ditto)

HAL
  7502
  Interdata

Operating systems:
  PDP9/15
  Second version of filestore (after Paul McLellan's version)

Ecce/Vecce
  (which systems did you do, and which did other people port to
   independantly that you know of?)

%check (imp syntax checker in ecce. What was the stand-alone one called?)
  Rewrite using 68000 Imp parser

Compare
  Do you have a date for when you first wrote this, and were you aware
  of unix 'diff' when you did so?

Layout

Paper: 'The syntactic analysis of English by machine'


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To: edinburgh-computer-history@yahoogroups.com
From: Graham Toal <gtoal@vt.com>
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Date: Fri, 25 Jan 2002 09:30:25 -0600 (CST)
Subject: [ed-comp-hist] Welcome to Geoff Millard
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Status: RO

I spoke to Geoff Millard (by email) yesterday and he thinks he can help
with documentation and sources.  He's going to be out of touch for a 
couple of weeks, but when he returns he's looking forward to chatting
to old friends he's lost touch with via this group.

Graham


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